This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices. Some of the authors featured on this page include Myriam Met, William F. Barker, Ricardo Otheguy, Herman Badillo, Aida Waserstein, Jim Cummins, James W. Ney, Bernard Spolsky, Lita L. Schwartz, and Ralph W. Yarborough.
(1990). How to Integrate Bilingual Education without Tracking, School Administrator. Integrated schools that stress learning among students in two languages are called two-way schools. They provide a singularly rich educational environment and avoid the negative effects of educational segregation by tracking. A Chelsea, Massachusetts, bilingual elementary school focused on team building to use existing resources more effectively. Descriptors: Access to Education, Bilingual Education, Cultural Differences, Elementary Education
(1982). Sociolinguistics of Literacy, Bilingual Education, and TESOL, TESOL Quarterly. Discusses the sociolinguistics of literacy with reference to three examples: the history of Jewish education and attitudes toward literacy, the Rock Point Community School bilingual program, and the Pacific Northwest Indian Reading Program. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Elementary Education, English (Second Language), Language Attitudes
(1971). Region XIII Bilingual Education Program. Evaluation Report. The regional service center in Austin has implemented a bilingual program serving elementary-age children in 3 locales. During its 2nd year of operation, the program served 5 pilot 1st-grade classes and 5 pilot 2nd-grade classes, providing innovative materials, consultants, and in-service activities to guide teachers in developing a cohesive bilingual curriculum in each grade. The program included the use of in-service activities, parental involvement activities, educational materials, evaluation design, and teacher-child behavior measures. All components of the program were evaluated, with students' cognitive development tested in the areas of English reading, math, and language and in Spanish reading and language. Students' affective development was tested in the areas of attitude towards the Mexican and Anglo cultures, towards school, and for self concept. Test results showed that bilingual classes significantly excelled comparison classes in the area of oral language comprehension in both English and Spanish. Recommendations included a change toward more criterion-referenced testing. [More] Descriptors: Affective Measures, Anglo Americans, Bilingual Education, Cognitive Development
(1981). Solving the Teacher Shortage in Bilingual Education, Educational Leadership. Schools in the Houston (Texas) area use training and reward systems to attract and keep bilingual teachers. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Teachers, Elementary Secondary Education, Faculty Mobility
(1969). Bilingual Education as a Social Force, Foreign Lang Ann. Address before the Joint Conventions of the Modern Language Association and the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, New York, New York, December 28, 1968. Descriptors: American Indians, Bilingual Education, Blacks, Federal Programs
(1981). Empirical and Theoretical Underpinnings of Bilingual Education, Journal of Education. Recent research and program evaluations show that the poor academic performance of many bilingual children was caused not by their bilingualism but by the school's attempts to eradicate that bilingualism. These findings demonstrate that bilingualism can positively affect minority children's development when their first language is promoted by the school. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingualism
(1969). Bilingualism and Bilingual Education: A Guest Editorial, Foreign Lang Ann. Adapted from a commencement address given at the Middlebury College Summer Language Schools, Middlebury, Vermont, August 13, 1968. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Educational Objectives, Educationally Disadvantaged
(1972). The Politics and Realities of Bilingual Education, Foreign Language Annals. Address given at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), in Chicago, Illinois, November 26, 1971. Descriptors: Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, English (Second Language)
(1981). The Bilingual Education of Barrio Children, Educational Forum. Claims that schools in the Southwest have created a culturally-biased atmosphere damaging to children of Hispanic descent. Recommends the establishment of Hispanically-oriented schools to introduce barrio children to Anglo culture gradually, without threatening their cultural identity. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Compensatory Education, Cultural Context, Cultural Differences
(1974). Bilingual Education in Sunday School Country, Elementary English. Discusses some of the problems and subtle discrimination facing Spanish-American students in schools in the southwestern United States. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, English (Second Language), English Instruction
(1982). Thinking About Bilingual Education: A Critical Appraisal, Harvard Educational Review. Otheguy examines arguments which have been offered against using the home language of bilingual children in schools. He contends that these arguments rest on a misunderstanding of the impact of government policies, race, and ethnicity on educational questions. Descriptors: Acculturation, Bilingual Education, Cultural Pluralism, Demography
(1975). Organizing for Bilingual Education: One Community's Experience, Inequality in Education. Presents strategies used to initiate a bilingual program. Descriptors: Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Community Involvement
(1978). Bilingual Education for Speakers of English, Foreign Language Annals. Native speakers of English entering kindergarten or grade one of the Cincinnati Public Schools are offered the opportunity to learn French, German, or Spanish. Not only do students learn a second language, but it is also used as a medium of instruction in later grades. [More] Descriptors: Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Elementary Education
(1981). Bilingual Education: When Should the Child Start?. This presentation addresses the question of what language experiences are most appropriate for the academic instruction of children who do not speak English as a native language. The question is explored through a reanalysis of data gathered in a previous 6-year study that varied English and Tagalog instruction across grades one through six in 18 Philippino classrooms. It was concluded that (1) proficiency in English is directly related to the number of years in which it is used as the medium of classroom instruction, and (2) the average level of literacy in Tagalog is not closely related to the number of years in which it has been used as a medium of classroom instruction. Throughout the reanalysis of the Philippino data, methodological considerations which should be applied when choosing the unit of analysis, covariates, and variables for use in a multivariate analysis of covariance procedure are demonstrated. The conclusions of the original study were supported by the reanalysis of the data. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that English be used as the language of instruction for non-native speakers of English and that such instruction be accompanied by appropriate instruction in native language arts and culture. [More] Descriptors: Analysis of Covariance, Bilingual Education, Elementary Education, English (Second Language)
(1987). Bilingual Education and Telecommunications: A Perfect Fit, Computing Teacher. Describes Project Orillas, a telecommunications network designed to improve the writing skills of bilingual and foreign language students studying English and Spanish in Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the United States. The electronic bulletin board system used for communication is explained and guidelines for joining the network are included. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Computer Networks, English (Second Language), Guidelines