This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices. Some of the authors featured on this page include J. M. Wijnstra, William McEachern, Paulette Moeller, Allan C. Ornstein, Salomon Nahmad, Anita Garcia, Maria Medina Swanson, Sister Sharon Leavitt, Washington Comptroller General of the U.S., and Laura Ferguson.
(1976). Bilingual Education: An Unmet Need; Report to the Congress by the Comptroller General of the United States. This report from the Comptroller General to Congress is designed to assess the effectiveness of the Bilingual Education Program and to suggest ways to improve its administration. The program as originally conceived is described, and funding, participation, and recent legislative developments affecting bilingual education are discussed. It is stated that the program has progressed little towards its goals of (1) identifying bilingual education approaches, (2) adequately training bilingual education teachers, and (3) developing suitable instructional materials. The impact of the 1974 Education Amendments on this progress is discussed. The effect of the program on participating students, including an examination of the appropriateness of standardized tests is then outlined. Two main factors contributing to the poor performance of the target population are isolated: (1) the language of limited English-speaking children may not have been used enough in classroom instruction, and (2) there may be too many English-speaking children in project classrooms, diluting project effectiveness for target children. Inadequate monitoring and difficulty in assessing English language proficiency also constitute problems. Each section of the report is followed by GAO recommendations and by HEW comments. The appendices include a review of the characteristics of 1973-74 bilingual education projects and of parent and HEW stands on bilingual education. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Improvement, Instructional Materials, Language Instruction
(1987). Questions about Two-Way: Educators Share Their Views, Equity and Choice. Provides transcript of roundtable discussion about two-way bilingual programs. Discusses the following: (1) reasons for success of programs; (2) spin-off advantages for pupils, schools, and community; and (3) obstacles bilingual education encounter. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education Programs, Elementary Education, English (Second Language)
(1983). Bilingual Special Education: An Overview of Issues. Professional Papers. The paper analyzes issues in bilingual special education and identifies knowledge gaps in the provision of appropriate education to exceptional minority students. The legal bases of bilingual education and special education are reviewed and the intersection of legal issues in bilingual special education is noted. Definitions of the population are explored, as are prevalence figures for minority, handicapped, and minority handicapped students. The need for a coherent data collection plan is emphasized. Assessment and placement considerations are considered, with discussion on the role of culture free tests, adaptive behavior scales, criterion referenced tests, and translated tests. Probelms cited include knowledge about how cultural differences may influence child performance on assessments and unavailability of non-English language instruments. Programing considerations, including student participation, parental involvement, exit criteria, and program options are examined for bilingual education, special education, and bilingual special education. A final section cites future research directions in nondiscriminatory evaluation, multidisciplinary team decisionmaking, development of individualized education programs, and parental participation. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Court Litigation, Disabilities, Individualized Education Programs
(1982). Change and Innovation in Curriculum, Journal of Research and Development in Education. The major innovations in curriculum in the 1950s and 1960s included team teaching, individualized instruction, ethnic education, bilingual education, and consumer education. Curriculum for the future might involve communications, computers, international cooperation, and values. Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Development, Educational History, Educational Innovation
(1979). Un enfant, deux langues. Rapport d'un projet de recherche evaluative de l'enseignement de langue dans la province plurilingue de frise, aux pays-bas (One Child, Two Languages. Report of an Evaluative Research Project in Language Instruction in the Multilingual Province of Friesland, in the Netherlands), Etudes de Linguistique Appliquee. Reports on the results of a research project that sought to determine the effect of various bilingual education models on general academic achievement and language learning in the primary grades. [More] Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Dutch
(1976). Vasaagihdzak. This illustrated reader is intended for advanced language students in a bilingual education setting on the elementary level. It is a traditional adventure story written in Gwich'in Athapascan. Descriptors: Alaska Natives, American Indian Languages, Athapascan Languages, Bilingual Education
(1974). Bilingual Education: The National Perspective. Responding to New Realities. ACTFL Review of Foreign Language Education, Vol. 5. This overview of bilingual education concerns definitions, rationale, program and student characteristics, background in the United States, data on bilingual programs, the sociocultural context, the politics of bilingual education, the development of specific bilingual programs, and studies and implications for the foreign language profession. Bilingual education involves the use of two languages, not simply learning English as a second language. It is beneficial to non-English speaking learners and to English-speaking students who wish to learn another language and culture. It has been affirmed that the use of English as the sole medium of instruction has left many children illiterate in their native languages and has contributed to low achievement levels in English itself. Information is presented on the number, geographic location, and linguistic distribution of bilingual education programs. Bilingual education is considered in a sociocultural context from the point of view of the non-ethnic majority, the school, and the ethnic minority. Changes in laws and school programs and funding considerations are discussed. The implementation of several bilingual education programs is considered, including program design and instruction, selection and development of materials, teacher training, community involvement, and evaluation. (SW Descriptors: American Indians, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Community Involvement
(1989). Indian/Metis Language Programs and French Immersion: First Cousins or Distant Relations?, Journal of Indigenous Studies. Examines two types of Canadian bilingual education programs in order to identify the strengths of French immersion that would be applicable to Indian and Metis native language programs. Compares staffing problems, student characteristics, curriculum, and linguistic and cultural goals. Descriptors: American Indian Education, Bilingual Education, Canada Natives, Comparative Education
(1977). Uqalikun Ilirvidsrat. Suna nakuagivinun? Suliquivich? (What Do You Like? What Are You Doing?). This elementary reader in Inupiat-Kivalina is intended for use in a bilingual education setting. Each page of text is illustrated with pen-and-ink drawings. Descriptors: Alaska Natives, American Indian Education, American Indian Languages, Athapascan Languages
(1987). Five in Massachusetts: Profiles of Diversity, Equity and Choice. Describes five two-way bilingual education programs in Massachusetts: three in Boston, one in Holyoke, and one in Lawrence. Names and addresses of contact persons at each school are included. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education Programs, Desegregation Plans, Elementary Education
(1997). A 50-State Survey of Requirements for the Education of Language Minority Children, READ Abstracts Research and Policy Brief. A survey of the 50 United States investigated laws and policy concerning programs for limited-English-proficient (LEP) students in elementary and secondary schools. This summary outlines state requirements imposed on schools regarding specific types of programs that must be offered to LEP students, the number of LEP students to be served, and the level of state funding for these programs. An introductory section notes the states that mandate bilingual education, those that forbid bilingual education, those with specific laws for LEP programs and those with no laws regarding LEP programs, states that fund all LEP programs, those that fund only bilingual education programs, those funding only non-bilingual education programs, and states with no funding for LEP programs. A subsequent summary for each state includes the name and telephone number of a contact person, requirements, and notes on funding level. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Needs, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education
(1974). Sapir John Haa Googwandak I. This reader is intended for use in a bilingual education setting with advanced students of Gwich'in Athabascan. It consists of three traditional Athapascan myths. A free translation in English is provided for each story. Descriptors: Alaska Natives, American Indian Languages, Athapascan Languages, Bilingual Education
(). Project Brave Bulletin, Vol. 2, No. 6. This bulletin presents news and opinions of the staff of Project Brave of the St. John Valley in northern Maine. This issue presents letters from the community in which citizens express their feelings concerning the value of bilingual education. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Bilingualism, Bulletins
(1987). The Role of Native Language Literacy in the Education of Language Minority Children, Language Arts. Argues that the English Only Movement is misguided. Points out advantages of bilingual education and literacy in their native languages for students who begin their schooling with little or no knowledge of English. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Elementary Education, English (Second Language)
(1981). Mexican Colonialism?, Society. Reviews early and recent policies and programs of the Mexican government to provide for the educational needs of the Indian minorities, with emphasis on bilingual education. Recommends further measures that will give Indians equal status in Mexican society. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Cultural Pluralism, Disadvantaged, Educational Legislation