This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices. Some of the authors featured on this page include Sara Duran, Rudolph C. Troike, Solomon Unoh, Maria G. Lopez, Robert A. Cervantes, Earl J. Ogletree, Ken Norton, Margarita Mir de Cid, Bernard Spolsky, and Steven S. Martinez.
(1982). Language and Cultural Discrimination as Related to Bilingual Education, Metas. Discusses bilingual education from both sociocultural and sociolinguistic perspectives. Stresses the need for bilingual programs to accept and adapt to the dialects of Spanish, French and English spoken by Caribbean immigrants to the United States. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Cultural Influences, Cultural Pluralism, Haitians
(2003). Utilizing Two-Way Bilingual Education for Reducing the Achievement Lag of LEP Students in Primary Grades: A Longitudinal Study. This study investigated the effect of a bilingual education program on the achievement gap in language development between at-risk kindergarten students with minimal English proficiency and students who were proficient English speakers. Limited English Proficient (LEP) students were included in an Extended Foreign Language (EFL) program designed to develop and maintain students' language and literacy skills in two languages: English and Spanish. Participating students were identified as at-risk because they performed at significantly lower levels than students in the comparison group. Participants received instruction in English 70 percent of the time and Spanish 30 percent of the time. These students' academic performance was compared to that of a group of LEP and non-LEP students who attended the same school but did not participate in the EFL program. Progress was tracked for 2 years. Data from students' pretest-posttest scores indicated that at-risk students participating in the EFL program made adequate academic progress during the 2 years of the study. By the end of the second year, there were no statistically significant differences between the at-risk and the comparison groups in any of the seven indicators of verbal and academic development or in the standardized achievement test Scholastic Reading Inventory. (Contains 15 references.) [More] Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education Programs, Elementary Education, English (Second Language)
(1992). Three Bilingual Education Methods Are Equally Effective (Open to Suggestion). Notes that an extensive study by the U.S. Department of Education showed that three approaches to bilingual education (immersion, early exit, and late exit) are effective for bilingual learners, with some differences in growth patterns. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Education Programs, Educational Research
(1978). Research Evidence for the Effectiveness of Bilingual Education, NABE: The Journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education. Criticisms of the effectiveness of bilingual programs should consider the lack of basic and operational research needed to improve program quality. The present study provides evidence from 12 programs attesting to the effectiveness of bilingual education. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Research, Equal Education, Program Effectiveness
(1981). Glossary of Bilingual Education Terms. A glossary of bilingual education terms provides definitions of approximately 160 commonly used concepts in an attempt to standardize their usage. The major terms are organized alphabetically with related or subordinate terms listed under the major concepts. The glossary is designed for California bilingual educators in order to provide them with operational definitions of terms which appear in legislation, regulations, guidelines, and other documents related to bilingual education. For more precise term definitions, readers are referred to the appended bibliography. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Definitions, Elementary Secondary Education, Glossaries
(1985). Bilingual Education in a Multilingual School System–Nigeria, Journal of Reading. Emphasizes the place of language arts in a bilingual education system in Nigeria, which combines English with up to 394 native languages, but notes that policy implementation varies in each state. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Developing Nations, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education
(1976). An Orientation to Bilingual Education in Texas: A Training Manual. The Texas Education Agency provides bilingual education/teacher training institutes and contracts with school districts, colleges, universities, education service centers and individuals to conduct these institutes throughout the state. This manual was developed as a guide or model for the implementation of the training institutes. The manual includes detailed instructions to the institute teachers for activities, procedures, materials and schedules appropriate for presentation of each unit. The following topics are covered: evaluation of children's language characteristics and problems, bilingual education materials, ways to improve parental involvement in the schools, oral language development in the child's first and second languages, reading in the child's first language, teacher-pupil interaction, and classroom management. An appendix contains task sheets, handouts and transparencies for institute participants. Various papers and articles detail institute learning objectives, board of education policies and procedures for bilingual education, components of a bilingual program, methods for student assessment, bilingual education instructional materials and strategies, and theories of language acquisition. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingual Teachers, Educational Media
(1982). Defusing the Issues in Bilingualism and Bilingual Education, Phi Delta Kappan. Traces the changes from multilingual to monolingual educational programs in the U.S., describes current bilingual programs and students, and notes the benefits for all children of treating bilingual education as a normal instructional program. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, Elementary Secondary Education
(1979). Bilingual-Multicultural Education: Towards Collaboration between Bilingual Education and the Social Studies, Social Education. Explores advantages of emphasizing multicultural objectives across all curriculum areas rather than in specialized ethnic studies courses. Reviews ways to increase collaboration between bilingual education and the social studies. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Citizenship, Educational Needs, Educational Practices
(1981). Bilingual Education. An Overview and Recommendations. A study of bilingual education in the Northwest Territories is conducted to survey literature on bilingual education; to assess programs being implemented at present in the Northwest Territories; to seek views and ideas of individuals involved in and interested in northern education; and to develop recommendations for changes and/or increased emphasis in order that the Northwest Territories Department of Education may respond to residents with programs which may satisfy educational and cultural needs of students. The material presented is related to the situation in the Eastern Arctic and is written about the areas in which Inuktitut is spoken. Topics addressed in the report include: an historical view; present status of bilingual education; rationale for bilingual education (definition, purpose, and involvement); factors influencing learning process (cultural and language); mother tongue instruction; language acquisition; and the teacher. Nine recommendations with rationale and a 41-item bibliography conclude the document. Descriptors: American Indian Education, Bilingual Education, Canada Natives, Cultural Influences
(1974). A Giant Step for Bilingual Education in Texas, Catalyst for Change. The passage of legislation mandating bilingual education in Texas school districts with sizable bilingual enrollments represents a significant step taken toward providing truly equal educational opportunities for the State's bilingual, bicultural students. [More] Descriptors: Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Educational Legislation
(1978). A Model for the Evaluation of Bilingual Education, International Review of Education. A model is proposed that maps into a single, multitiered and integrated structure all factors relevant to a bilingual education program: psychological, sociological, economic, political, religious, cultural, geographic, demographic, historical, and linguistic. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Community Characteristics, Cultural Influences, Evaluation Methods
(1982). Preschool Policy and Bilingual Education in the United States, Studies in Educational Evaluation. The curriculum development effort that stemmed from Project Head Start's "Strategy for Spanish-Speaking Children," the evaluation results, and policy implications for national efforts in bilingual education are discussed. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Comparative Analysis, Curriculum Development, Educational Policy
(1978). Parental Participation in Bilingual Education: Implications for Its Future. In order to determine Puerto Rican parents' understanding of and attitudes toward bilingual education, an attitude inventory was administered to seventy-five parents of children in bilingual programs and seventy-five parents whose children were not in such programs. Parents whose children were in bilingual programs were found to have a higher identity with and greater knowledge and expectations of bilingual education than parents of children who were not in a bilingual program. The results suggest that a number of measures should be taken to increase parent participation in and understanding of bilingual education: (1) improve the dissemination of information on bilingual education; (2) establish a staff liaison person between parents and school; (3) establish a bilingual council independent of the general school council; (4) involve the community and local agencies in the development of bilingual programs; and (5) provide parents and community members with greater input into the decision making process. Descriptors: Attitude Measures, Bilingual Education, Elementary Education, Hispanic Americans
(1982). The Organizing of Parents to Support Bilingual Education. This report examines efforts on the part of advocates in New York City to draw Hispanic parents into the bilingual education movement. Parent involvement in New York has included a wide variety of educational and political endeavors. Parents have participated in the activities of public educational and political organizations in ever widening arenas, starting in local schools and extending to district, city, state, and national levels. In the process, parents have made cultural adaptations to American society. Rather than fostering cultural or political separatism, these efforts to involve Hispanic parents in the bilingual education movement have contributed to their cultural and social integration. Although opponents fear that bilingual education hinders integration and will foster separatist movements, it is, in fact, the rejection of bilingual education that will result in separatism. Descriptors: Acculturation, Activism, Bilingual Education, Case Studies