This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices. Some of the authors featured on this page include Ray Newton, Larry Freeman, RAY PAST, ARTHUR L. CAMPA, JOHN ELMO UXER, HOWARD N. DELLON, Austin. Div. of Extension. Texas Univ., Margaret Diane LeCompte, BONNIE E. NELSON, and JACK D. FORBES.
(1966). BILINGUALISM–FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF RECRUITMENT AND PREPARATION OF BILINGUAL TEACHERS. THE TEACHERS OF BILINGUAL STUDENTS IN NEW MEXICO NEED ADDITIONAL TRAINING TO WORK WITH THOSE STUDENTS FROM THE LINGUISTICALLY AND CULTURALLY IMPOVERISHED AREAS OF THE STATE. THOSE TEACHERS OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE MUST BE PREPARED TO COMMUNICATE INTERCULTURALLY AS WELL AS LINGUISTICALLY IF THEY ARE TO PENETRATE THE REAL WORLD OF THE MEXICAN AMERICAN. FOR THE TEACHERS TO ACQUIRE ADEQUATE SKILLS OF UNDERSTANDING, READING, WRITING, AND SPEAKING, IT WILL BE NECESSARY FOR THEM TO UNDERSTAND–(1) THE NATURE OF LANGUAGE, (2) THE NATURE AND KINDS OF INTERFERENCE FROM ONE LANGUAGE TO ANOTHER, (3) THOUGHT PROCESSES AND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, (4) LANGUAGE AND ITS RELATION TO CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT, (5) PHONOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, AND SYNTAX, (6) METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION, AND (7) MATERIALS FOR LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION. TEACHERS WHO ARE ALREADY EFFECTIVE DO ADAPT AND BECOME COMPETENT SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHERS. IT IS FELT, HOWEVER, THAT THE UNIVERSITIES COULD BE OF GREATER SERVICE TO THE BILINGUAL COMMUNITIES BY AFFORDING STUDENT-TEACHERS THE NEEDED SUPERVISED FIELD EXPERIENCES IN SECOND LANGUAGE CAPACITIES. FINALLY, A GOOD TEACHER RECRUITING PROGRAM IS NEEDED WHICH WOULD ASSURE THAT ALL TEACHERS WOULD HAVE A "FEEL" FOR THE BILINGUAL STUDENT AND HIS CULTURE. THIS PAPER WAS DELIVERED AT THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE SOUTHWEST COUNCIL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS, EL PASO, TEXAS, NOVEMBER 4-5, 1966. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, Communications, Concept Formation
(1973). ERIC/CRESS News Letter, Volume 8, Nos. 1, 2, & 3, 1973. The "ERIC/CRESS News Letter" disseminates current information pertaining to ERIC/CRESS (Educational Research Information Center/Clearinghouse on Rural Education and Small Schools) scope areas–American Indian, Mexican American, migrant, outdoor, and rural education and small schools. Three issues of the newsletter published during 1973 are compiled in this publication. Articles in the first issue are: "The Hispano and New Mexico Education"; "A Cultural Research and Information Center"; "Teacher Guide Book to Aid Navajo Language Instruction"; and "Issues in Rural Education: Innovation". Among the articles in the second issue are: "Issues in Rural Education: Student Needs"; "Directory of Computer-Readable Data Bases"; "Teaching Spanish Is Unharmful to English Mastery"; and"Computer Bibliography Service". "The Sixteen-Point Program", included in the third issue gives each point and the most recent action taken on each point. Also included is "Issues in Rural Education: Student Transportation", a brief overview of bus routing in rural areas. The article "have you tRIEd lately?" is included in each issue. This article lists selected publications in each of CRESS' scope areas which have appeared in "Research in Education" (RIE) in the February through August 1973 issues. [More] Descriptors: American Indians, Bilingual Education, Federal Programs, Mexican Americans
(1967). EXPANDING HORIZONS FOR MUSIC THERAPY–COMPENSATORY EDUCATION FOR THE CULTURALLY HANDICAPPED. THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF LIVE MUSIC PERFORMANCES UPON ECONOMICALLY AND CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN. TO EFFECT THE STUDY, A SERIES OF SCHOOL CONCERTS BY OUTSIDE PROFESSIONAL PERFORMERS WAS PRESENTED TO STUDENT AUDIENCES IN DISADVANTAGED SCHOOLS IN THE ESPANOLA VALLEY AND SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO. EVALUATION PROCEDURES WERE ESTABLISHED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF THESE CONCERTS IN TERMS OF HOW MANY MUSIC FACTS THE STUDENTS ACCUMULATED AND HOW MUCH THEIR ATTITUDES WERE CHANGED ABOUT MUSIC. THE METHODOLOGY INCLUDED–(1) OBSERVATIONS BY THE RESEARCHER, (2) INTERVIEWS AND DISCUSSIONS WITH TEACHERS, SCHOOL PRINCIPALS, AND THE CHILDREN, AND (3) THE USE OF SEVERAL QUESTIONNAIRES DESIGNED FOR SELECTED CONCERT SITUATIONS WITH CHILDREN. THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS WERE MADE AS A RESULT OF CHILDREN OBSERVING LIVE MUSIC PERFORMANCES–(1) CHILDREN CAN ACQUIRE FACTS ABOUT THE MUSIC, THE PERFORMERS, THE INSTRUMENTS PLAYED, AND THE PERFORMANCE AS A WHOLE, (2) ATTITUDES MAY BE OBSERVED IN EXPRESSIONS OF THEIR INTEREST IN THE MUSIC AND DESIRE FOR STUDYING AN INSTRUMENT HEARD IN THE PERFORMANCE, AND (3) TRANSFER EFFECTS IN THE AREAS OF ACCULTURATION, AND SPECIFICALLY, SELF-CONCEPT, ARE MOST DIFFICULT TO MEASURE. FURTHER RESEARCH IN THE AREA OF LIVE PERFORMANCES SHOULD INCLUDE THE USE OF STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES AND A DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRESENTING MUSIC. [More] Descriptors: Attitudes, Compensatory Education, Concerts, Culture
(1967). MEXICAN-AMERICANS, A HANDBOOK FOR EDUCATORS. APPROXIMATELY FIVE MILLION PERSONS OF MEXICAN ANCESTRY RESIDE IN THE STATES OF CALIFORNIA, ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, TEXAS, AND COLORADO. A LARGE NUMBER HAVE ALSO MADE HOMES IN THE GREATER CHICAGO AREA AND IN OTHER INDUSTRIAL CENTERS. MEXICAN AMERICANS HAVE PLAYED A VITAL ROLE IN THE INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL, ARTISTIC, INTELLECTUAL, AND POLITICAL LIFE OF THE SOUTHWEST. FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS MEXICO HAS BEEN A CENTER FOR THE DISSEMINATION OF CULTURAL FACTORS AND THE MEXICAN AMERICAN PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES HAVE SERVED AS A CULTURAL BRIDGE FOR THE DIFFUSION NORTHWARD. THE MEXICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY IS DESCRIBED AS BEING PROUD OF ITS MEXICAN BACKGROUND AND IS EXPERIENCING DIFFICULTY IN ACCULTURATION. MEXICAN AMERICAN YOUTH OFTEN MAKE VALUABLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SCHOOLS BY BRINGING A VARIED BACKGROUND OF EXPERIENCES AND SKILLS, BILINGUALISM, CULTURAL FACTORS, HOMEMAKING SKILLS, AND PRACTICAL WORK EXPERIENCE. SIXTEEN SUGGESTIONS ARE PRESENTED TO TEACHERS AND ADMINISTRATORS THAT WOULD HELP PROVIDE TRANSFER OF TRAINING FOR ALL STUDENTS INTO A MIXED ANGLO MEXICAN CULTURE. THE PUBLICATION CONCLUDES WITH A LISTING OF SUPPLEMENTARY AUDIOVISUAL AIDS AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS WHICH ARE AVAILABLE FOR CLASSROOM USE AT BOTH THE ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL. [More] Descriptors: Acculturation, Administrators, Agriculture, Anglo Americans
(1975). Teacher Behavior and the Presentation of a Work Ethic. This study examines what teachers do in classrooms and what their behavior says to students. Four fourth-grade self-contained classrooms in two schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico formed the sample group. Intensive classroom observation was employed over a ten-month period. At least half the observation time involved the researcher's presence in the classroom for the entire school day; the remainder was done in three-to four-hour blocks. Data included interviews with teachers on their teaching goals, a questionnaire to students on the norms they perceived their teachers to emphasize, and hand-recorded chronicles of teacher behavior. Results of the study attested to the existence of norm-reinforcing behavior and documented the way such behaviors are distributed. Behaviors representing all but one of the work norms accounted for over 50 percent of the noninstructional talking emitted by teachers, despite great variations in teaching styles. There were task, order, time, and authority norms thought to be rooted in the institutional requirements of school life and which could not, therefore, be circumnavigated by teachers. (Additional findings are included.) [More] Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Elementary School Students, Institutional Role, Noninstructional Responsibility
(1967). IMPLICATIONS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION FOR PLANT SITE LOCATION. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT WAS TO DETERMINE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VOCATIONAL-TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY PLANT SITE SELECTION PROCESS. FROM A COMPOSITE LISTING OF 619 MANUFACTURING COMPANIES WHICH HAD LOCATED IN COLORADO, NEW MEXICO, ARIZONA, NEVADA, IDAHO, UTAH, AND WYOMING SINCE JANUARY 1960, 116 INTERVIEWS AND 90 COMPLETED QUESTIONNAIRES WERE OBTAINED. SIXTY-FIVE PERCENT OF THE RESPONDENTS INDICATED THAT VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WAS A SELECTION FACTOR. OF 28 DIFFERENT PLANT SITE SELECTION FACTORS SUBMITTED BY THE INDUSTRIES, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION RANKED APPROXIMATELY IN THE MIDDLE IN DEGREE OF IMPORTANCE. VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS MENTIONED AS FACTORS IN PLANT SITE SELECTION WERE MACHINE SHOP, METAL FABRICATION, ELECTRONICS, BUSINESS AND SECRETARIAL, AND ELECTRICAL. THE SIX FACTORS CONSIDERED MOST IMPORTANT IN SITE SELECTION WERE LABOR SUPPLY AND LABOR RELATIONS, GROUND AND AIR TRANSPORTATION, AVAILABLE LAND AND BUILDINGS, MARKET AND PROXIMITY TO MARKET, COLLEGE EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, AND ALLIED BUSINESS AND FEDERAL BUSINESS RELATIONS. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERN THE NEED FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATORS TO INFLUENCE PLANT SITE SELECTION BY ADVERTISING THEIR SCHOOLS AND THE JOB CAPABILITIES OF THEIR STUDENTS. [More] Descriptors: Geographic Location, Industry, School Business Relationship, Selection
(1968). A DESCRIPTION OF GRADUATE PROGRAMS IN ENGLISH AT 18 UNIVERSITIES. FOR A REPORT ON GRADUATE PROGRAMS IN ENGLISH, THE ASSOCIATION OF DEPARTMENTS OF ENGLISH AND THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER AT THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OBTAINED INFORMATION FROM CHAIRMEN OF DEPARTMENTS OFFERING GRADUATE WORK IN ENGLISH. SOME OF THE BASIC DATA ASSEMBLED FOR THE FULL REPORT (AVAILABLE AS TE 500 075) ARE THE DESCRIPTIONS OF GRADUATE PROGRAMS IN ENGLISH CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT. DESCRIPTIONS ARE GIVEN FOR NEW PH.D. PROGRAMS PROPOSED AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY AND INSTITUTED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO, FOR THE SPECIALIST IN ARTS DEGREE AT WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, AND FOR THE DOCTOR OF ARTS IN ENGLISH TO BE INITIATED IN SEPTEMBER 1968 AT CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY FOR STUDENTS PREPARING TO TEACH IN COLLEGE. BRIEF STATEMENTS SUMMARIZE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR BOTH MASTERS AND DOCTORAL DEGREES AT BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (DAVIS), UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (LOS ANGELES), UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE, OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY (ST. LOUIS), AND UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA. PH.D. PROGRAMS ONLY AT UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME, STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK (ALBANY), AND STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK (BUFFALO) ARE DESCRIBED. BOOKLETS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE DETAILED INFORMATION TO GRADUATE STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS AND NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY ALSO ARE INCLUDED. [More] Descriptors: Degree Requirements, Degrees (Academic), Doctoral Degrees, Doctoral Programs
(). MANANA IS TODAY. THE PHILOSOPHY THAT GUIDES SOCIETY IS DETERMINED TO SOME EXTENT BY THE INTERPRETATION GIVEN TO THE PRESENT, PAST, AND FUTURE. NEW MEXICO IS INHABITED BY TWO GROUPS OF PEOPLE WITH A DIFFERENT UNDERSTANDING OF LIFE WHO ARE BOTH STRIVING TO LIVE PEACEFULLY WITH EACH OTHER. THEIR DIFFERENCES COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER. BOTH THE ANGLOS AND THE MEXICANOS MAY BE CLASSED AS ROMANTICS, BUT IN DIFFERENT TIME RELATIONSHIPS. THE ANGLOS' ROMANTICISM IS BASED UPON THE FUTURE, THE PRESENT BEING A PREPARATION FOR THAT FUTURE. THE PAST IS GONE. MEN OF VISION ARE PRODUCED BY THIS PHILOSOPHY. HOPE IS PRESENT DURING TEMPORARY DISSATISFACTION. ALL ACTIVITIES ARE WELL PLANNED IN ADVANCE AS A CARRYOVER FROM ORGANIZED INDUSTRY AND TIME SCHEDULES. URBANIZED ANGLOS FIND LITTLE IN COMMON WITH IMPOVERISHED MEXICANOS. THE MEXICANO, OR MESTIZO, A RACIAL AMALGAMATION OF RESIGNED, STOLID INDIANS AND LIGHTHEARTED SPANIARDS, HAS BASED HIS ROMANTICISM ON THE REALITY OF THE PRESENT AND ITS RELATION TO THE PAST. THE FUTURE IS ATTACKED WITH A FATALISM, AN INDEFINITE TERM, "MANANA," WHICH EXPRESSES A REMOTENESS MISSING FROM "TOMORROW." HE LIVES AN IMPROVISED, SPONTANEOUS EXISTENCE. HE NEVER PUTS OFF FOR TOMORROW WHAT CAN BE ENJOYED ONLY TODAY. HE IS NOT LAZY, BUT HE WORKS ONLY ENOUGH TO SUPPORT HIS MEAGER NEEDS. Descriptors: Anglo Americans, Cultural Background, Cultural Differences, Cultural Influences
(1966). THE ADVERSE-EFFECT POLICY FOR AGRICULTURAL LABOR. THE BASIC PHILOSOPHY UNDERLYING THE REGULATION OF FOREIGN WORKER IMPORTATIONS INTO THE UNITED STATES FOR AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT IS THAT EMPLOYMENT OF SUCH WORKERS WILL NOT BE PERMITTED IF IT WILL HAVE AN ADVERSE EFFECT ON DOMESTIC WORKERS. THE "ADVERSE-EFFECT" POLICY HAS BEEN FOLLOWED SINCE THE ENACTMENT OF PUBLIC LAW 78 IN 1951 WHICH GOVERNED THE ENTRY OF MEXICAN NATIONALS INTO ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO FOR SEASONAL EMPLOYMENT. THE TERM "ADVERSE-EFFECT" HAS NOT BEEN SPECIFICALLY DEFINED. RATHER THE CONCEPT HAS EVOLVED AS POLICIES HAVE DEVELOPED AND ACTIONS HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO COPE WITH SPECIFIC SITUATIONS. THE LEGAL BASES FOR TAKING ADVERSE-EFFECT ACTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH THE POLICY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR HAS DEVELOPED ARE DISCUSSED. THE ADVERSE-EFFECT CONCEPT DEVELOPED THROUGH APPLICATIONS IN 1953, 1956, AND 1958 WHEN EMPLOYERS OF MEXICAN NATIONALS HAD TO INCREASE THEIR WAGES TO PREVENT DISCRIMINATION AGAINST DOMESTIC LABOR. IN 1959, SPECIFIC CRITERIA FOR JUDGING ADVERSE-EFFECT WERE ESTABLISHED AND FORMED THE BASIS FOR A WIDESPREAD ADVERSE-EFFECT PROGRAM DURING 1960-61. PUBLIC LAW 78 WAS EXTENDED, WITH INCREASING ADVERSE-EFFECT REGULATIONS, THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 1964. THEREAFTER, FOREIGN WORKERS COULD BE BROUGHT INTO THE COUNTRY FOR TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH PROVISIONS OF THE IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT, WHICH CONTINUED ADVERSE-EFFECT REGULATIONS. THIS DOCUMENT APPEARED IN "FARM LABOR DEVELOPMENTS," AUGUST 1966. [More] Descriptors: Agricultural Laborers, Braceros, Farm Labor, Federal Legislation
(1969). Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. Annual Report-1968. This report describes the organization, purposes, and functions of the Commission, which include representatives from Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. In September 1968, the first regional conference for state leaders of community colleges was held to discuss the role of state board members and their staffs in these growing systems of higher education in the West. Among the current programs of WICHE that concern the junior college is the Improvement of Nursing Curricula to revise the programs in western schools of nursing, from the associate degree through the master's, by applying research findings to clinical content. Each year, starting in 1967, four meetings are to be held for this purpose. Also, the nursing profession in the West has recognized a need to clarify the differences between BA and AA degree nursing programs by behavior and function of graduates. The 100 schools of the Western Council on Higher Education for Nursing have taken part in the Nursing Measurement Program by providing more than 1500 items for preliminary selection of nursing behaviors. The most pertinent items were chosen to make up a pilot questionnaire. This was submitted to a sample of nursing faculty and graduating students of the Council's member schools. The results will be analyzed to establish the differences between graduates of the two kinds of nursing education. [More] Descriptors: Degree Requirements, Medical Services, Nursing, Regional Programs
(1973). Region VI Adult Education Staff Development Project: Interim Report. The project provides for a five-State (Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and New Mexico) consortium designed to upgrade competencies of all levels of Adult Basic Education (ABE) personnel. The major points of focus are: establishing bases for higher education; training State Department, university, and local ABE personnel by means of specialized institutes; making consultant expertise available to local ABE programs on a State and regional basis; and providing for technical services to local programs on a State and regional basis. The Division of Extension of the University of Texas at Austin agreed to oversee operations to ensure coordination and avoid duplication of effort. Each State department has designated a contact person for the regional coordinator. Funds were distributed among the participant States, and plans were constructed with the understanding that activities of common interest would be open to participants from all interested States. The major areas of emphasis in project implementation have been: support of higher education for classes and programs for adult education teacher preparation, workshops, and other inservice and preservice training, and support activities. The Region 6 Personnel Accounting and Control System was established to gather information on regional adult education personnel. [More] Descriptors: Adult Basic Education, Consortia, Program Descriptions, Regional Programs
(1971). An Exploratory Study of Objective Attainment in the Divergent Physics Laboratory. Students enrolled in the introductory physics laboratory at New Mexico State University participated in this study. A stated set of objectives, developed by Dr. John M. Fowler of the Commission on College Physics, was used in the laboratory. This study attempted to measure student achievement based on the use of these objectives as opposed to the more traditional laboratories. Student opinions of selected elements of the laboratory and of previous laboratory experiences were also obtained. Instruments from which data were collected included a series of questionnaires related to the different Fowler objectives, elements of the laboratory and previous experiences. Students enrolled in the divergent laboratories indicated greater freedom to choose experiments (Fowler objective 3) than did the other students. This difference was significant at the 0.05 level. The mean responses from these students were supportive of the Fowler objectives than those enrolled in the traditional laboratories. Opinions expressed by the students regarding selected elements of the laboratory were supportive of the graduate assistant in charge and of the laboratory partner. Investigator's recommendations included the expansion of the use of the divergent laboratory style in all types of science laboratories. Descriptors: College Science, Doctoral Dissertations, Educational Objectives, Educational Research
(1976). Native Americans and the Mass Media. Presenting testimony from various sources, this report describes growing resentment in the American Indian community of Anglo media misinterpretation and exploitation of Indian culture and Indian people. The full text of the Navajo Nation's plan for a Navajo Communications Board (established by the Advisory Committee of the Navajo Tribal Council) is presented as evidence of such resentment in the Southwest. Additionally, criticism from the Indian media is presented (Wassaja, The Navajo Times, The American Indian Press Association, The Ramah Navajo Broadcasting Station, etc.). Results of a survey are presented to indicate the lack of Indian representation in the New Mexico media where there is only one Indian reporter (Albuquerque Journal) and two Indian correspondents (Farmington Daily Times and the Santa Fe New Mexican). Citing lack of self determination, formal training, and organized tribal input as major deterrents (outside of Anglo domination) to the lack of Indian media representation, this report concludes with a brief description of the progress now being made by: (1) Ron Wood and Native Americans for Community Action; (2) Chester Yazzie and the Navajo Nation Report (a half-hour television program out of Flagstaff, Arizona); and (3) Ernest Lavato and the Communications Center for the All Indian Pueblo Council in Albuquerque. [More] Descriptors: Accountability, Advisory Committees, American Indians, Anglo Americans
(1974). The Impact of Legal Decisions on the Future of Education. After setting out some statements on idealogies which have contributed to the melting pot theory of education, the author examines the rationale for teacher licensing procedures and the interpretation of Title VII, which gives protection from discriminatory practices, as it affects the licensing of teachers. Recent court opinions are discussed, in relation to the declared need for a principle of neutrality in respect to language, by which the language or dialect of any student should not be disparaged or denied. Examples involving Chinese-speaking and Spanish-speaking students are cited. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo between the United States and Mexico in 1848 recognized the differences in customs, traditions, and language of the people of New Mexico, and the Ninth Amendment to the federal Consititution provides grounds for claiming the right to such differences by all U.S. citizens. Court cases dealing with obscenity, the study of comparative religion, Indian education, and the traditions of the Amish community are examined in this context. A model for preparing educational personnel to assist in the building and preservation of community identity is proposed, which would give primary considerations to the sufficiency of the individual and the development of decent and humane communities. [More] Descriptors: Bilingualism, Court Litigation, Cultural Differences, Cultural Pluralism
(1967). AN OPERATIONS RESEARCH MODEL FOR LOCATING AREA VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS. THE PURPOSES OF THIS STUDY WERE TO DETERMINE THE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR USE IN LOCATING AND ESTABLISHING AREA VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS, DEVELOP THIS PREDICTIVE MODEL, AND ANALYZE THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FACTORS COMPRISING EACH OF THE CHARACTERISTICS. A LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONFERENCES WITH STATE AND LOCAL EDUCATIONAL LEADERS WERE USED TO IDENTIFY THE MAJOR ELEMENTS FOR THE MODEL. A SURVEY OF 94 SCHOOLS IN 14 STATES PROVIDED DATA WHICH WAS ANALYZED AND CATEGORIZED INTO THE MODEL'S ELEMENTS. A JURY OF 30 EDUCATORS RANKED THE ELEMENTS ON RELATIVE IMPORTANCE. THE THREE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MODEL WERE POTENTIAL ENROLLMENT, JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR GRADUATES, AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT. THE MODEL WAS APPLIED TO TWO COMMUNITIES IN NEW MEXICO TO PREDICT WHETHER OR NOT THEY COULD SUCCESSFULLY SUPPORT AN AREA VOCATIONAL SCHOOL. WHEN THE DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION MODEL WAS APPLIED TO THE SAMPLE OF EXISTING AREA VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS, THE RESULTS COINCIDED WITH CLASSIFICATIONS MADE BY STATE VOCATIONAL DIRECTORS AND THE INVESTIGATOR IN 86.17 PERCENT OF THE INSTANCES. SUCH MODELS CAN BE USED BY EDUCATORS AS ANALOGUES REPRESENTING PROCESSES OR SYSTEMS UNDER STUDY. [More] Descriptors: Economic Factors, Employment Opportunities, Enrollment Influences, Feasibility Studies