This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices. Some of the authors featured on this page include Herman Garcia, Daniel McLaughlin, Margo A. Mastropieri, Lily Wong Fillmore, Martha Montero-Sieburth, M. S. Byram, Koen Zondag, Marcello Medina, Ruben Donato, and Jim Zook.
(1995). Issues in Systemic Reform for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students, Teachers College Record. The article addresses the demographic circumstances of student diversity, which have grown significantly in American schools in recent years and have posed a challenge for school reform. The article examines the emerging knowledge base and discusses federal education reform policy changes related to student cultural and linguistic diversity. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingual Education, Cultural Differences, Educational Change
(1993). Measuring the Outcomes of LEP Programs: Test Scores, Exit Rates, and Other Mythological Data, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis. Data collected at three schools in California with programs for students of limited English proficiency (LEP) suggests that exit rates should not be the focus of evaluations of LEP programs and that schools cannot adequately answer questions about students' academic achievement and English language acquisition by program type. Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Gains, Bilingual Education Programs, Data Collection
(1989). Diversity and Uniformity in Six Bilingual Schools in Friesland, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. Discusses current research on six bilingual elementary schools in Friesland, focusing on students' command of Dutch and Frisian, and on school policies concerning Frisian as an instructional subject. The proportions of Frisian- and Dutch-speaking children in an area, the pedagogical and sociolinguistic climates, and the problems associated with conducting research in an educational setting are explored. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Classroom Environment, Code Switching (Language)
(1989). Ethnic Minority Languages versus Frisian in Dutch Primary Schools: A Comparative Perspective, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. Compares the position of ethnic minority languages versus Frisian in Dutch primary schools, and considers the roles of legislation, educational models, minority language usage, language attitudes, pressure groups, teacher quality, instructional materials, and the serious lack of basic research data on the acquisition, use, shift, and loss of minority languages. 31 references. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Comparative Analysis, Educational Legislation, Elementary Education
(1989). Language Choice in a Minority School, Western European Education. Addresses the issue of language use by German bilingual pupils in a German minority school in South Jutland (Denmark). Fieldwork indicates that pupils experience difficulty with respect to competence in acquisition of standard Danish. Suggests application of model based upon English "Language Awareness" program as potential solution for the problem. Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Bilingual Instructional Materials, Bilingual Students, Cultural Awareness
(1992). The Empowerment of Minority Students: Implications of Cummins' Model for Teacher Education, Action in Teacher Education. Discusses implications for teacher education of Cummins' theoretical framework for analyzing minority students' school failure. Researchers adapted a multicultural education course, then surveyed student attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward minority children before and after taking the course. The course produced increased cultural sensitivity and understanding of minority students' needs. Descriptors: Academic Failure, Bilingual Education, College Students, Cultural Awareness
(1991). When Learning a Second Language Means Losing the First, Early Childhood Research Quarterly. Discusses a nationwide study of language shift among language-minority children in the United States. Immigrant and American Indian families were surveyed to determine the effects of children's learning of English in preschool on their family language patterns. Findings suggest that primary language loss can be very costly to the children, their families, and society. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Cultural Differences, English (Second Language)
(1995). Assessment of Students with Learning Disabilities: Current Issues and Future Directions, Diagnostique. Current issues in the assessment of students with learning disabilities are identified, including use of physiological and neuropsychological measures, discrepancy criteria, curriculum-based measurement, dynamic assessment, performance and portfolio assessment, and assessment of learning disabilities in bilingual and multicultural contexts. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Competency Based Education, Curriculum Based Assessment, Disability Identification
(1992). Language Segregation in Desegregated Schools: A Question of Equity, Equity and Excellence. Examines how U.S. public schools have responded to increasing numbers of limited English proficient students, given the limited supply of bilingual teachers and, in this context, examines language segregation in desegregated schools. Educational policymakers have a difficult time reconciling desegregation goals' requirements for comprehensible education for all students. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Teachers, Court Litigation, Educational History
(1988). The Role and Use of Educational Theory in Formulating Language Policy, TESL Canada Journal. Discusses the relationship between research, theory, and policy in language policy formulation in the context of a "conflict" paradigm. In bilingual programs in the United States and Canada, the sociological context of the debate plays a major role in determining the choice of issues to investigate. [More] Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Policy, Educational Sociology, English (Second Language)
(1991). Immigration and Schooling: An Ethnohistorical Account of Policy and Family Perspectives in an Urban Community, Anthropology and Education Quarterly. The historical realities of a northeastern urban community in two periods of high immigration (1890 to 1920 and 1970 to 1990) for European and Latin Americans point out the fallacies of stories of earlier times when newcomers supposedly learned English effortlessly and without special programs for linguistic minority children. Descriptors: Acculturation, Bilingual Education, Communicative Competence (Languages), Education Work Relationship
(1989). Power and the Politics of Knowledge: Transformative Leadership and Curriculum Development for Minority Language Learners, Peabody Journal of Education. Examines the meanings of power in relation to questions about leadership, language, curriculum, school knowledge, and program development in a community-controlled Navajo school; describes in first-person-singular detail how power was used as a prescriptive notion to create English and Navajo literacy programs that specify conditions for student and teacher empowerment. Descriptors: American Indians, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Cultural Influences
(1992). Evaluation of Transitional and Maintenance Bilingual Programs, Urban Education. Studies the long-term effects of transitional (TBE) and maintenance (MBE) bilingual instructional programs on development of native and English oral language proficiency for 125 TBE-instructed Vietnamese and 298 MBE-instructed Hispanic American children from kindergarten through second grade. Discusses significant findings on positive and negative effects of TBE and MBE. Descriptors: Asian Americans, Bilingual Education Programs, Bilingualism, Educational Change
(1992). Bush Signs Education Spending Bill That Fails to Keep Pace with Inflation, Chronicle of Higher Education. Fiscal 1993 appropriations for Departments of Education, Health and Human Services, and Labor, signed by President George Bush, include cuts in maximum Pell Grants, first in a decade, and little increase in funding for National Institutes of Health (NIH), among others. Requests and appropriations for student aid, institutional assistance, disadvantaged, disabled, other programs and NIH funding are charted. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Disabilities, Disadvantaged, Educational Legislation
(1993). Federal Language Policy and American Indian Education, Bilingual Research Journal. In the past 25 years, both content and context of American Indian education have changed tremendously, largely due to a dynamic interplay between federal language policy and initiatives generated by Indian schools and communities. This paper integrates a historical analysis of federal language policy with comparative ethnographic data from Indian bilingual programs in the Southwest. Contains 47 references. Descriptors: American Indian Education, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Teachers, Cultural Maintenance