Bibliography: Bilingual Education (page 570 of 829)

This annotated bibliography is reformatted and customized by the Center for Positive Practices.  Some of the authors featured on this page include David Richards, Sandra H. Fradd, Eddie C. Y. Kuo, Renato Espinosa, Chicano Education Digest, Dormer Ellis, Rheal Gauthier, Brooklyn New York City Board of Education, Loren Lind, and Maria Estela Brisk.

Espinosa, Renato; And Others (1969). The Effect of the Reinstein Reinforcement Schedule on Learning of Specific Concepts Contained in the Buchanan Language Program. Part of the Final Report on Head Start Evaluation and Research: 1968-69 to the Office of Economic Opportunity. The Reinstein Reinforcement Schedule, based on a simple program of reinforcement for success and nonreinforcement for failure, was one of the important variables introduced in the University of Texas 1968-69 Head Start Intervention Study. The effect of the schedule was assessed as part of an evaluation of the Buchanan Language Program. Three groups of children were compared: A group of Negro English-speaking children, a group of Mexican-American children whose first language was Spanish (who were tested throughout the language program with the Schedule), and a second Mexican-American group who did not receive the schedule. The groups were compared for mastery of concepts in the language program and on the Metropolitan Reading Readiness Test to test for generalization of learning effects. Results controlled for ethnic group support the hypothesis that improved learning may result from the use of the Schedule. An investigation of possible effects of nonreinforcement, using a specially devised criterion, revealed no effects. Informal observation suggested that the positive effects of the Schedule could well be due to the additional practice the children receiving it obtained.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Blacks, Compensatory Education, Language Programs

Speirs, Randall H. (1972). Report on Tewa Portion of Trilingual Program at San Juan Elementary School, 1971-1972. Guides for teaching oral and written Tewa to American Indian children in grades 1-6 as an integral part of the regular curriculum are presented. In the San Juan Elementary School trilingual program, the time spent teaching Tewa decreases with grade level–from 2 90-minute periods per day for first graders to 2 30-minute classes per week for sixth graders. As a result of this program, students have exhibited a greater sense of cultural identity and openness, as is evidenced by the fact that the children use Tewa in participating in classroom discussions. Also, children have been willing to reveal their Tewa names. The positive effects of this program have been confirmed by some of the parents. That the Tewa language abilities of Indian children be identified and that the bilingual approach be designed according to their needs are suggestions for future programs.   [More]  Descriptors: American Indian Languages, Bilingual Education, Curriculum Guides, Elementary Education

Fradd, Sandra H. (1985). Governmental Policy and Second Language Learning, Educational Forum. This article analyzes the influence of governmental policies on language acquisition, highlighting the fact that historical traditions as well as economic and social expectations have influenced governmental policy and hence, educational outcomes. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Policy, Government Role, Language Acquisition

King, Edith W. (1981). The Status of Ethnic Diversity in American Classrooms, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. Presents overview of public policy, legislation, and rulings affecting education of ethnically diverse children in American schools. Points out that by examining this situation in other societies we gain new insights on American problems.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational Policy, Ethnic Relations, Government School Relationship

Richards, David (1985). Multiculturalism through the Core Curriculum: Implications of Introducing Languages Other than English into the Primary Core Curriculum, Babel: International Journal of Translation. Assuming that multilingualism is a precondition for cross-cultural sensitivity, discusses ways to introduce foreign languages into the primary school. These are (1) by integrating the language with other subjects; (2) by teaching it as a discrete subject; and (3) by teaching it in a bilingual program. Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Cultural Awareness, Elementary Education, FLES

Florander, Jesper; Jansen, Mogens (1965). Research on Teaching English in Danish Schools 1959-1965. A report of experimentation in three programs in the teaching of English, under the direction of the Danish Institute for Educational Research is presented. Six schools in the county of Holbaek (50 pupils from each school) participated in one program, the object of which was to find the optimum age level at which to begin the teaching of English. The different schools involved introduced instruction in English at different grade levels, beginning in the fourth grade. The program at Gladsaxe (92 classes of about 25 pupils each) investigated the importance of the age level for beginning instruction, length of lessons, and the teaching method and materials. The program at Rodding, based on Swedish educational materials, was limited to six classes at one school; the objective was to try out the effectiveness of audiovisual aids in elementary language study and to determine whether learning through "pure imitation" is more effective at an early than at a more advanced age. A brief description of the experimental plans, teaching methods and materials, evaluations and tests is given for each program.   [More]  Descriptors: Age Differences, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Elementary Education

Kuo, Eddie C. Y. (1974). Language Status and Literacy Trend in a Multilingual Society – Singapore, RELC Journal. Using data from census reports and educational statistics, this paper analyzes the language status and literacy trends in multilingual Singapore, where the four official languages are Malay, Chinese, Tamil and English.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, Census Figures

Ellis, Dormer; Gauthier, Rheal (1974). Le Rendement en Anglais des Eleves Franco-Ontariens, Orbit 23. Courses for French-speaking students in Ontario are designed to provide language skills needed to succeed in an English-speaking society. Experiments using reading tests prepared for English-speaking students are described.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Non English Speaking, Reading Skills, Reading Tests

Woon, Doris (1974). Language Learning and ETV in Singapore, Educational Broadcasting International. A discussion of language-learning problems in Singapore, Malaysia, where there are four official languages, and educational television's role in language teaching.   [More]  Descriptors: Audiolingual Methods, Bilingual Education, Educational Media, Educational Television

Brisk, Maria Estela (1974). A Preliminary Study of the Syntax of Five-Year-Old Spanish Speakers of New Mexico, International Journal of the Sociology of Language. Spanish-speaking children of Northern New Mexico exhibit varying degrees of interference and integration of English in their speech.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Child Language, Interference (Language)

Hebert, Michael (1974). CODOFIL et l'enseignement du francais en Louisiane (CODOFIL and the Teaching of French in Louisiana), Louisiana Review. The work of CODOFIL (the Council for the Development of French in Louisiana) is described. (Text is in French.)   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Educational Policy, French

Chicano Education Digest (1974). Supreme Court Opinion, The Lau Case. A suit by non-English speaking Chinese students was filed against officials of the San Francisco Unified School District seeking relief against unequal educational opportunities which were alleged to violate the 14th Amendment.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Chinese Americans, Court Litigation, English (Second Language)

Swain, Merrill (1974). French Immersion Programs Across Canada: Research Findings, Canadian Modern Language Review. A study indicates that students in French immersion programs in Canadian schools achieve superior progress in French and equal skill in English relative to students in partial immersion classes or traditional second-language study.   [More]  Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, English

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Bilingual Resource Center. (1973). Materials Used in Bilingual Programs. This list, prepared by the Bilingual Resource Center in New York City, of instructional materials used in bilingual programs includes textbooks, educational materials, and audio-visual aids used in the various school districts of New York City.   [More]  Descriptors: Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, English

Lind, Loren (1973). New Canadianism: Melting the Ethnics in Toronto Schools, This Magazine. Describes the educational policy concerning various immigrant groups, who comprise over 40 percent of the student population, which was adopted by the Toronto school system in 1965.   [More]  Descriptors: Acculturation, Bilingual Education, Cultural Education, Cultural Influences

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